The bottom five cities in the ranking have an average total score of 30.48.

The top five cities in the ranking have an average total score of 64.5 out of 100.

The top five lenders have a combined retail home loan volume of more than $29 billion at the end of Q2 2023.

The top three cities have an average payback period of just over 21 months on a 20% down payment.

The bottom three cities have an average payback period on a 20% down payment of more than 78 months.

Gen Z homebuyers make up a 21.26% share of purchase requests in the top five metropolitan areas.

The bottom five metropolitan areas have an average share of mortgage purchase requests from Gen Z homebuyers of 9.29%.

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The top five states have an average effective real-estate tax rate of 2.17%.

The top six states have an average effective real-estate tax rate of 0.48%.

The bottom five metros have an average five-year median home value appreciation of 35.46%.

The top five metros have an average five-year median home value appreciation of 48.49%.

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The top five lenders have a combined residential portfolio volume of more than $900 billion at the end of Q1 2023.

Republican-led bills seeking to reverse adjustments to mortgage fees and a bipartisan bill aiming to reinstate tax deductions on mortgage insurance stand to change operations for lenders if they pass.

The top five lenders have a combined second-lien volume of more than $95 billion at the end of Q1 2023.

Residents in the five cities with the lowest scores have an average median credit score of 499.8 in 2022, according to WalletHub.

The top five lenders wrote a combined total of more than $34 billion in home loans during the quarter.

Residents in the top five cities have an average median credit score of 800.4 in 2022, according to WalletHub.